Παρασκευή 31 Οκτωβρίου 2014

Τετάρτη 22 Οκτωβρίου 2014

Alexander Fleming: The Inventor of Penicillin

Alexander Fleming 
Biologist,Scientist (1881 - 1955)

Alexander Fleming was a doctor and bacteriologist who discovered penicillin, receiving the Nobel Prize in 1945.


 Synopsis
 Alexander Fleming was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, on August 6, 1881, and studied medicine, serving as a physician during World War I. Through research and experimentation, Fleming discovered a bacteria-destroying mold which he would call penicillin in 1928, paving the way for the use of antibiotics in modern healthcare. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945 and died on March 11, 1955.




Early Years

Alexander Fleming, the seventh of eight children, was born in rural Lochfield, in East Ayrshire, Scotland, on August 6, 1881. He attended the Louden Moor School, the Darvel School and Kilmarnock Academy before moving to London in 1895, where he lived with his older brother, Thomas Fleming. In London, Fleming finished his basic education at the Regent Street Polytechnic (now the University of Westminster).
Fleming was a member of the Territorial Army, and served from 1900 to 1914 in the London Scottish Regiment. He entered the medical field in 1901, studying at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School at the University of London. While at St. Mary's, he won the 1908 gold medal as the top medical student.

Early Career and World War I

Alexander Fleming had planned to become a surgeon, but a temporary position in the Inoculation Department at St. Mary's Hospital changed his path toward the then-new field of bacteriology. There, he developed his research skills under the guidance of bacteriologist and immunologist Sir Almroth Edward Wright, whose revolutionary ideas of vaccine therapy represented an entirely new direction in medical treatment.
During World War I, Fleming served in the Royal Army Medical Corps. He worked as a bacteriologist, studying wound infections in a makeshift lab that had been set up by Wright in Boulogne, France. Through his research there, Fleming discovered that antiseptics commonly used at the time were doing more harm than good, as their diminishing effects on the body's immunity agents largely outweighed their ability to break down harmful bacteria -- therefore, more soldiers were dying from antiseptic treatment than from the infections they were trying to destroy. Fleming recommended that, for more effective healing, wounds simply be kept dry and clean. However, his recommendations largely went unheeded.
Returning to St. Mary's after the war, in 1918, Fleming took on a new position: assistant director of St. Mary's Inoculation Department. (He would become a professor of bacteriology at the University of London in 1928, and an emeritus professor of bacteriology in 1948.)
In November 1921, while nursing a cold, Fleming discovered lysozyme, a mildly antiseptic enzyme present in body fluids, when a drop of mucus dripped from his nose onto a culture of bacteria. Thinking that his mucus might have some kind of effect on bacterial growth, he mixed it with the culture. A few weeks later, he observed that the bacteria had been dissolved. This marked Fleming's first great discovery, as well as a significant contribution to human immune system research. (As it turned out, however, lysozyme had no effect on the most destructive bacteria.)



The Road to Penicillin

In September 1928, Fleming returned to his laboratory after a month away with his family, and noticed that a culture of Staphylococcus aureus he had left out had become contaminated with a mold (later identified as Penicillium notatum). He also discovered that the colonies of staphylococci surrounding this mold had been destroyed.
He later said of the incident, "When I woke up just after dawn on September 28, 1928, I certainly didn't plan to revolutionize all medicine by discovering the world's first antibiotic, or bacteria killer. But I suppose that was exactly what I did." He at first called the substance "mold juice," and then named it "penicillin," after the mold that produced it.
Thinking he had found an enzyme more powerful than lysozyme, Fleming decided to investigate further. What he found out, though, was that it was not an enzyme at all, but an antibiotic -- one of the first antibiotics to be discovered. Further development of the substance was not a one-man operation, as his previous efforts had been, so Fleming recruited two young researchers. The three men unfortunately failed to stabilize and purify penicillin, but Fleming pointed out that penicillin had clinical potential, both in topical and injectable forms, if it could be developed properly.
On the heels of Fleming's discovery, a team of scientists from the University of Oxford -- led by Howard Florey and his co-worker, Ernst Chain -- isolated and purified penicillin. The antibiotic eventually came into use during World War II, revolutionizing battlefield medicine and, on a much broader scale, the field of infection control.
Florey, Chain and Fleming shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, but their relationship was tainted over who should receive the most credit for penicillin. The press tended to emphasize Fleming's role due to the compelling back-story of his chance discovery and his greater willingness to be interviewed.

Later Years and Honors

In 1946, Fleming succeeded Almroth Edward Wright as head of St. Mary's Inoculation Department, which was renamed the Wright-Fleming Institute. Additionally, Fleming served as president of the Society for General Microbiology, a member of the Pontifical Academy of Science, and an honorary member of nearly every medical and scientific society in the world.
Outside of the scientific community, Fleming was named rector of Edinburgh University from 1951 to 1954, freeman of many municipalities, and Honorary Chief Doy-gei-tau of the American Indian Kiowa tribe. He was also awarded honorary doctorate degrees from nearly 30 European and American universities.
Fleming died of a heart attack on March 11, 1955, at his home in London, England. He was survived by his second wife, Dr. Amalia Koutsouri-Vourekas, and his only child, Robert, from his first marriage.



Here's my custom which i made for this great scientist!!!



And here's two photos that  i make with Alexander Fleming 
on his laboratory.

Black & White 



Color 



Informations and photos




The Milkmaid


This beautiful art set is a promo figure which was produced for the well-known Rijksmuseum, a national museum dedicated to arts and history in Amsterdam. An edition of about 20,000 units was produced for this purpose. 
Therefore, the set is not available in the regular PLAYMOBIL product range.
The figure is a miniature replica of Johannes Vermeer's (1632 – 1675) famous painting "The Milkmaid". The original painting is of course also displayed at the Rijksmuseum which regards it as "unquestionably one of the museum's finest attractions".
For both PLAYMOBIL Nederland and the museum, this cooperation is something special: It allows children a playful approach not only to an important artwork but also to the country's cultural heritage.



For more informations you can read here....PCC Vermeer's Milkmaid

Κυριακή 12 Οκτωβρίου 2014

The Wonderful Three!

Ειναι απο εκεινα τα Κυριακατικα απογευματα που σου μενουν αξεχαστα
με καφε,συζητηση, παιχνιδι και παρεα με καλους φιλους!!!!

 



Ευχαριστω τους Ντενη Βαγγοπουλο και Βασιλικη Φατη για την παρεουλα!!!!




Σάββατο 4 Οκτωβρίου 2014

Scenes from the Greek country: The Shepherd

Καμια φορα,εκει που καθεσαι αμεριμνος στο εξοχικο και πινεις τον καφε σου
μπορει να σου ερθουν μερικοι "απροσκλητοι επισκεπτες" στο διπλανο οικοπεδο
 και να σε εκπλησουν ευχαριστα....

Sometimes,when you are on holidays on your cottage house,
there you sit, you relaxing and drink your coffee,
suddenly are coming some "unexpected visitors" and pleasantly surprised...






...Το γεγονος αυτο,μου εδωσε την ιδεα για το παρακατω μικρο διοραμα!!!

 ...This fact,it gave me the idea for the next smal diorama!!!!






Τετάρτη 1 Οκτωβρίου 2014

Motocross race...

1η Οκτωβριου σημερα και μια νεα σεζον δημιουργιων ξεκινα.
Και για να "τρεξει" καλυτερα η νεα σεζον,τι καλυτερα απο ενα αγωνα
με Motocross !!!!

October 1st today and a new creations season starts.
And to "run" better this new season, nothing better from a Motocross race!!!









Τρίτη 19 Αυγούστου 2014

Follow the past...

 Μια φωτογραφηση με τους Ιπποτες της ειδικης επετειακης εκδοσης (1974-2014) του περιοδικου Playmobil που κυκλοφορησε με αφορμη τα 40 χρονια Playmobil.

A photoshoot with the Knights of special edition Playmobil magazine
for the  40th Anniversary (1974-2014) of Playmobil.





Τετάρτη 2 Ιουλίου 2014

Vivandieres!


Vivandieres, sometimes known as cantinieres, were women who followed the army to provide support for the troops. Ideally, a vivandiere would have been a young woman the daughter of an officer or wife of a non-commissioned officer who wore a uniform and braved battles to provide care for wounded soldiers on the battlefield.





 The history of vivandieres can be traced to the French Zouave regiments in the Crimean War. By 1859, many local militia regiments in the United States had adopted the name “Zouave,” wore colorful uniforms, and adopted the practice of having a “daughter of the regiment” in their ranks. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, these regiments — in both the North and the South — answered the call for troops. Vivandieres saw most of their service during the early years of the war. By September 1864, General Ulysses S. Grant ordered that all women be removed from military camps in his theater.

Vivandieres did not fight in battles but were often armed, earned honors, and were sometimes captured by the enemy. Their most important contribution was the essential medical care they provided as field nurses. As battles raged, vivandieres made their way through the wounded offering immediate medial care. Calculating the exact number of women who served as vivandieres is nearly impossible. Neither North nor South recognized the service of vivandieres and they are rarely mentioned in official records. Their courage and brave deeds are recorded in personal accounts and post-war regimental histories. While we cannot put a name to the young woman in this photograph, there are a few vivandieres whose names have become symbolic of all those who served:

Sarah Taylor – 1st Tennessee (US) – prisoner of war
Marie Tepe – Collis’ Zouaves – awarded the Kearny Cross
Eliza Wilson – 5th Wisconsin
Ella Gibson – 49th Ohio
Lucy Ann Cox – 13th Virginia
Kady Brownell –1st and 5th Rhode Island
Bridget Divers – 1st Michigan Cavalry
Annie Etheridge – 3rd and 5th Michigan – awarded the Kearny Cross


Marie Tepe was one such courageous woman. Originally born in France in 1834, Marie was raised by her father and later moved to the United States following his death. When she was nearly 20 years of age, she married Bernhard Tepe, a Philadelphia tailor. When the Civil War began, her husband joined the 27th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment. As soon as her husband left so did Marie, despite Bernhard wanting her to stay and mind the tailor shop in Philadelphia.




 In the spring of 1861, Marie Tepe became a vivandiere with the 27th Pennsylvania Volunteers. She is better known as the vivandiere of the 114th Pennsylvania. The original company of that regiment was organized in the early weeks of August, 1861, by Captain Charles H. T. Collis as the Zouaves d'Afrique. Then in mid-August of 1862, Collis raised nine more companies to form the 114th, with himself as colonel. Like the original company, the 114th was a Zouave unit, based on the renowned North African and European Zouave regiments of the French army. The soldiers wore a Zouave uniform; so did Mrs. Tepe, who left the 27th and went with Collis's outfit. She wore a blue jacket and red pants; to distinguish herself from the men, she wore a skirt trimmed in red. "French Mary," as she was often called, participated in the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862. During the battle, she received a bullet wound to the ankle. For her bravery during the battle she received the coveted Kearny Cross, which was awarded to valorous veterans of the First Division of the III Army Corps in memory of its late division commander, General Philip Kearny.

After a short hospitalization she rejoined the regiment. In July 1863, Marie and her regiment joined the fight at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. When the battle was over, "French Mary" volunteered her services as a nurse to help the wounded. After a few weeks of tending to the injured she continued on with her regiment. Marie Tepe served through the rest of the war and later moved to Pittsburgh. She attended the reunion of the Battle of Fredericksburg in 1893. The famous "French Mary" died in 1901.

The Vivandieres who served in the Civil War showed great courage in the face of battle. These daring souls, like Marie Tepe, are the forgotten women of the Civil War. They went above and beyond the duties of a vivandiere to serve their country. French Mary and other vivandieres earned the recognition and respect of their regiments. They deserve to be remembered.



And here's my custom for the Marie Tepe aka "The French Mary"...



The French Mary 1834 - 1901
American Civil War
Vivandiere


 Information via...
Gilder Lehrman  

Army.mil 

wikipedia 


Παρασκευή 20 Ιουνίου 2014

Playmobil Bus!

Το PLAYMOBIL Bus, ένα διώροφο λεωφορείο γεμάτο PLAYMOBIL, ξεκινάει τις βόλτες του στην Αθήνα, με σκοπό να μοιράσει τα πιο ζωηρά και λαμπερά χαμόγελα. Για τέσσερις ημέρες, από τις 19 έως και τις 22 Ιουνίου, το PLAYMOBIL Bus θα κυκλοφορεί σε διάφορες περιοχές της Αθήνας, για να παίξει με τον κόσμο και να χαρίσει ώρες χαράς και ενθουσιασμού σε όλους. 

 The PLAYMOBIL Bus, a double-decker bus full PLAYMOBIL, your mind starts to Athens, in order to deal the most vivid and bright smiles. For four days, from 19 to 22 June, the PLAYMOBIL Bus will be released in various parts of Athens, to play with the world and give hours of fun and excitement to all.



    







Βεβαια...την βολτα την εκανα και ηταν.....απιθανη!!!!!!!!!!!!!

By the way...I did the ride and was.....awesome!!!!!!!!






Playmobil Bus 
powered by 

Πέμπτη 12 Ιουνίου 2014

Brazil....World Cup 2014!!!!

12 Ιουνιου σημερα και ξεκινα και επισημα το Παγκοσμιο Κυπελλο της Βραζιλιας!
Καλη τυχη στην Εθνικη μας ομαδα....


Καλη τυχη Ελλαδα!!!!



Για δειτε το πληρες προγραμμα του Παγκοσμιου Κυπελλου πατηστε εδω